Tri-stable permanent magnet actuator (TPMA) has been widely used in industry. In this study. a new TPMA integrating a permanent magnet actuator and two centralizing disc springs is proposed for valve application. By taking the linear coefficient of force/stroke characteristic. https://www.roneverhart.com/Black-flower-Reversable-Tote-Bag-E05728-FRS-RB0/